Women’s Reproductive Cancers Are Among The Most Deadly And Most Neglected. How Do We Fix This?
The American Cancer Society estimates that nearly 20,000 women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2022, and 12,000...
About Women's Reproductive Cancers Cancer Research at NYSCF Scientific Advisory Board News FAQs
Women’s reproductive cancers (such as ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, uterine cancer, and cervical cancer) are massively underfunded given their deadly toll on society, and as a result remain very challenging to treat. Over 100,000 women in the United States are diagnosed with reproductive cancers each year, and over 32,000 women die annually from these cancers. The NYSCF Women’s Reproductive Cancers Initiative aims to shift paradigms in the way these cancers are studied and treated, in collaboration with leading cancer experts across the globe.
Our work begins with ovarian cancer, one of the deadliest types among women. Five years after diagnosis, ovarian cancer survival rates are just 47% – a number that has not changed in the past 25 years. This is partly due to the high frequency of patient relapses (over 75%) with cancers exhibiting drug resistance, making these cancers extremely difficult to treat effectively. Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed at very late stages because of the vague symptoms and lack of effective screening strategies.
A major limiting factor in understanding and treating ovarian cancer is the lack of experimental models that recapitulate the particularities of each patient’s cancer. Moreover, cancer samples taken from patients have a finite lifetime which restricts what researchers can learn about each patient’s disease. At NYSCF, we use samples of patient tumors resected during surgery to generate self-renewing stem cells and 3D structures grown from stem cells (called “organoids”) that recapitulate each patient’s individual tumor. Our world-leading expertise in stem cell technology positions us to create these innovative, more effective, personalized models of cancer.
Tumor-derived organoids provide an infinite lifespan during which we can study tumor cell behavior, test drugs, and identify optimal treatment courses for each patient. They also help identify markers for early detection and examine how individual genetic risk factors influence each patient’s experience of ovarian cancer. At NYSCF, in collaboration with leading clinicians and researchers, we are building a large living biobank of ovarian cancer organoid models as a resource to advance the field.
In addition to the major unmet medical need for more advanced and innovative research solutions for these cancers, increased awareness of these issues is crucial for improving diagnosis, survival rates, and treatment effectiveness. NYSCF regularly holds scientific and patient-focused events that educate the public about these issues and present the latest advancements in women’s cancer research.
Read more about our recent panel discussion featuring members of the Initiative’s Scientific Advisory Board.
The Initiative is guided by a Scientific Advisory Board of world-leading experts. Current members include:
Name | Image |
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Carol Aghajanian, MDMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | |
Michael Birrer, MD, PhDThe University of Alabama at Birmingham | |
George Coukos, MD, PhDUniversity of Lausanne | |
Susan M. Domchek, MDUniversity of Pennsylvania | |
![]() | Ronny Drapkin, MD, PhDUniversity of Pennsylvania |
Olivier Elemento, PhDWeill Cornell Medicine | |
![]() | Ramez Eskander, MDUniversity of California, San Diego |
Carla Grandori, MD, PhDSEngine Precision Medicine | |
Carl June, MDUniversity of Pennsylvania | |
Ursula Matulonis, MDDana-Farber Cancer Institute | |
Kathleen Moore, MDUniversity of Oklahoma | |
Siddhartha Mukherjee, MD, DPhilColumbia University | |
Alessandro Santin, MDYale University | |
![]() | Elizabeth M. Swisher, MDUniversity of Washington |
Irving Weissman, MDStanford Medicine | |
Oliver Zivanovic, MD, PhDMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center |
Special Advisor:
Name | Image |
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![]() | Hans Clevers, MD, PhDHubrecht Institute |
The American Cancer Society estimates that nearly 20,000 women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2022, and 12,000...
The Context: Organoids – 3D structures of human tissue derived from stem cells – are a critical tool for...
Ovarian cancer is a difficult disease to tackle, as is evident from the statistics that surround it: Five years...
Women’s reproductive cancers—such as ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, uterine cancer, and cervical cancer—are especially difficult to treat. Mortality rates...
Ovarian cancer causes are not well established, but we do know that certain risk factors make a woman more likely to develop the disease. For example, several genetic mutations (inherited or acquired over time) can contribute to its onset; we know the cancer starts in cells at the tail ends of the fallopian tubes or in the ovary itself; and cancer development? may be related to ovulation.
Ovarian cancer risk factors include:
Genetic mutations in genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, PALB2, and RAD51
Aging (the risk of developing ovarian cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring after menopause)
Obesity
Taking hormone therapy after menopause
Having family history of ovarian cancer
Having a history of breast cancer
Smoking and alcohol use
Ovarian cancer stages range from 1-4, with higher numbers indicating more advanced stages. Ovarian cancer treatments often depend on the stage of the disease, and each stage is defined by the size of the tumor, its spread to nearby lymph nodes, and its spread to more distant sites.
Ovarian cancer signs and symptoms may include the following:
Pain in the abdomen or pelvis
Bloating
Fluid in abdomen
Indigestion
Nausea
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Lump in abdomen
Weight loss
Frequent urination
Constipation or menstrual changes